The discourse on alcohol rehabilitation programs has traditionally focused on the "what"—the structure and elements of the program itself. However, considering the comprehensive nature of substance abuse treatment, it is important to delve into a multi-faceted understanding of these programs, encompassing the "who," the "where," the "when," the "how," and most importantly, the "why."

Let us begin by dissecting the "who" within the context of alcohol rehabilitation. The stakeholders in this arena are extensive, ranging from the individual struggling with alcohol addiction, their immediate familial or social support structure, to the professionals involved in the delivery of care. Each holds an indispensable role in the recovery journey. Moreover, understanding the "who" also pertains to recognizing those who are particularly vulnerable to alcohol abuse.

In examining the "where," it is essential to recognize that alcohol rehab programs can occur in a plethora of settings, each with its own unique advantages and challenges. For instance, inpatient programs provide a controlled environment that is conducive for detoxification and therapy. In contrast, outpatient programs offer flexibility, allowing individuals to maintain their regular routines while undergoing treatment.

The temporality factor—the "when"—is also a pivotal component of the recovery process. Some individuals may seek help during the early stages of alcohol dependence, while others may only do so upon hitting rock-bottom—the state of complete physical, mental, and social deterioration. The timing of intervention can significantly influence the success of rehabilitation.

Delving into the "how," alcohol rehab programs broadly consist of two overarching components: detoxification and therapy. Detoxification, or detox, is the initial phase of treatment where the body is purged of alcohol. The severity of withdrawal symptoms during this phase largely hinges on the degree of alcohol dependence, with extreme cases necessitating medical supervision.

Following detoxification, the therapeutic component of the rehab program ensues. Several therapy models are widely employed, each with its unique underpinnings and strategies. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), for instance, empowers individuals to recognize and alter maladaptive thought patterns leading to alcohol abuse. Motivational Interviewing (MI), on the other hand, fuels the individual's intrinsic motivation for change.

The "why" of alcohol rehab programs—the rationale behind their inception, design, and implementation—is perhaps the most intriguing aspect of this discourse. To comprehend this, one must delve into the interplay of neuroscience, psychology, and sociology in the context of alcohol addiction.

From a neuroscientific perspective, extensive alcohol use rewires the brain, creating a physiological dependence. Rehab programs, through detoxification, seek to reverse this dependency. Therapies like CBT aim to modify the altered neural pathways associated with the addiction, thereby facilitating recovery.

The psychological dimension of alcohol addiction often encompasses unresolved trauma, stress, and mental health disorders. Rehab programs, through therapeutic interventions, strive to address these underlying issues, thereby equipping individuals with coping mechanisms that do not involve alcohol.

Sociologically, alcohol addiction is often a manifestation of societal ills such as poverty, unemployment, and social isolation. By providing a supportive environment, rehab programs attempt to mitigate the impact of these societal factors on individual recovery.

While this analysis offers a comprehensive understanding of alcohol rehab programs, it is crucial to acknowledge the diverse needs of those battling alcohol addiction. No single approach fits all, and the effectiveness of rehabilitation is contingent on an individual's unique circumstances and needs. As such, alcohol rehab programs must strive for adaptability and person-centeredness, building on the strengths of each individual while addressing their unique challenges.

In conclusion, the journey towards recovery is convoluted and strenuous, often marked by numerous setbacks. However, through a holistic understanding of alcohol rehab programs encompassing the "who," the "where," the "when," the "how," and the "why," we can better navigate this journey and ultimately triumph over addiction.